沃伦

今天看了《沃伦》。导演是波兰的斯玛佐斯基

这部片子拍摄于2016年。那时候，乌克兰与俄罗斯的战争还没有开始。现在，战争已经持续一年了。很多国家舆论一边倒。这种一边倒的大形势，让这部片子里做的反思变成明日黄花。

讲的是乌克兰与波兰、前苏联、德国、犹太人之间错综复杂的关系以及种族仇杀。没肯定谁，也没否定谁。剧情跌宕，画面惨不忍睹。看完之后，很揪心。得出一个结论：凡是极端民粹，都具备两个特点：1.宣扬自我民族中心论 2.宣扬自己民族受委屈最多。政客、庸众，莫不如此。

看之前完全不知道是什么类型的片子，一部两个半小时的电影抽了半盒黄皖，最后的镜头实在是看的心惊胆战，夹烟的手指都在发抖。不知道人性怎么可以这样丑恶！在这之前还对遍地大长腿、金发、美丽、广袤美丽的农庄田野的东欧各种想象，看完之后就觉得这不是一片化外之地吗？野蛮、愚昧，不知道对比纳粹，侵华日军会怎样？

对东欧的历史一点不通，但是很好奇。电影中的村庄应该是乌波交接的地方吧，本来两族人和平相处，生活也安逸，可是战争释放了仇恨和人本恶，把这美丽的土地化成一片焦土。

现在想想身处和平年代真是幸福了，相比动乱的战争年代哪有人性公平可言，那残酷血腥的画面镜头却是人本身制造的。战争不是欧洲人独有的，我想人类历经几千年的文明发展，这样的战争不计其数，发生在我们这片土地的类似的事情肯定不胜枚举，说近的如南京大屠杀这样的画面就不敢想象，可是中国关于这段历史的电影也不在少数，可是没有一个能有如此深刻的揭露战争可恶的作品。

巴拉巴拉说了没头没脑的，还是希望有了解东欧历史的能给补补脑，网上也没有找到相关的东西。

建议青少年慎观影，镜头太血腥！

求轻喷，处女评。

《沃伦》影评：一部让人相当致郁的冷门战争佳作，民族矛盾、宗教矛盾彻底爆发的时候，平民是最为悲惨的牺牲品，我们本来什么都没做过，却要成为极端民族主义、极端国家主义思想下的牺牲品。乌克兰民族和波兰民族、乌克兰东正教与波兰天主教的矛盾长期压抑、瞬间爆发，我们都是其受害者和悲惨者。借用豆瓣影评的一位网友的一段话：一场战争不仅仅屠杀掉几千或者几万年轻人。它还屠戮掉一个民族心中的某种东西，这种东西永远不会失而复得。如果一个民族经历了太多的战争，很快，剩下的就全都是残暴者了，动物，那些我们——你和我以及其他像我们这样的人——在这种污秽中培养出的动物。 ——约翰·威廉斯 《斯通纳》

UPA成員大都是偽警察，有德國人供應武器提供訓練，而且在四一至四二年協助SS清剿聯共黨員和猶太人期間已經練習過怎麼搞圍捕和屠殺。所以後來在43年大屠殺期間他們的效率極高。女主逃亡路上保護過她的其實是德國陸軍並不是什麼黨衛軍，那麼多影評都會認錯也是天曉得了。至於為何不讓紅軍游擊隊出現，電影裡其實交代過：蘇德聯合滅掉波蘭後NKVD已經針對波蘭人搞過清洗。這部電影談不上血腥，都比不上白俄羅斯的「自己去看」，43年屠殺的真相要比電影慘百倍。

受害者1

受害者2

波蘭人對UPA成員展開報復

看得好累，对西方人脸盲加上对这段历史盲，所以真心看得迷迷糊糊，经过后期维基百科科普，才大概理顺，也基本没理解错，先是苏联怼波兰人，再德国怼犹太人，再乌克兰名族主义疯子怼波兰老百姓，这女主也是惨到极致，怎么就活在这个时代的这个地区，最后那一晚真的人间地狱，什么样的仇恨和煽动可以让普通人变成野兽，完全丧失人性得对待一起生活的邻居呢。我突然想起前两天乌克兰和俄罗斯的那档子事，某个纪录片说实话就充满浓浓的偏向性，我突然对这个名族充满了鸡皮疙瘩，对某些势力的明显偏向性舆论导向也默默擦汗。

有很多细节没大跟上，然后去补了一下课hhhhh，来自Wikipedia，对于一些脸盲的地方有帮助。

The movie tells the story of a young Polish girl, Zosia Głowacka, from Volhynia's a village settled by Ukrainians, Poles and Jews.The story begins shortly before the outbreak of World War II in 1939 with the marriage of Zosia's sister to a Ukrainian. During the wedding, Zosia's father decides that she has to marry an older village administrator and a widower, Maciej Skiba, despite her being deeply in love with a young, local Ukrainian boy, Petro. The local Ukrainian population shows a lot of resentment towards Polish officials, as they favor the Polish minority in Volhynia. Because of that, some Ukrainians carry out terrorist attacks against Polish authorities and Ukrainian collaborators. These attacks are met with severe actions from the Polish government, including closing Orthodox churches and the humiliation of the Ukrainian population. Despite that, some parts of the Ukrainian and Polish populations try to reconcile with each other.

When the war begins, Maciej gets conscripted to the Polish Army to fight against the Germans in the September Campaign. When the campaign is lost, Maciej and other survivors try to return to their homes. On their way back, all members of the group, except Maciej, are captured by local Ukrainians, tortured and killed.

Maciej manages to get to the village thanks to disguising himself as a Ukrainian. The village is in the eastern part of Poland, which gets occupied by the Soviet Union, and communist rule is established in the village. The local Ukrainian and Jewish populations co-operate with the Soviet authorities, replacing prewar Polish authorities as governors.

In the meantime, Zosia gets pregnant, most likely by Petro, but wants Maciej to believe that the child is his. As a part of a massive deportation of the Polish population carried out by the Soviets in 1939–1941, Zosia, Maciej and his children, are about to be sent to Siberia or Kazakhstan to do forced labour. Zosia and the children are rescued in the last moment, just as the train is about to depart. Petro bribes the guard with vodka. When they come back to Petro's home, Zosia gets contractions. While she is giving birth to her child, the guard arrives and kills Petro. Zosia then takes care of Maciej's home and children during his absence. The children are sent to a school organized by the Soviets.

The plot then switches to 1941, when the German Army is conquering Volhynia during Operation Barbarossa. The Germans begin to kill the local Jews and organize local police units from Ukrainian collaborators, who actively participate in the Holocaust. However, Zosia and other Ukrainians still try to help the Jews by hiding them in safe places.

In the meantime, Maciej comes back home after he manages to escape deportation. The family tries to organize its life in the changed reality, as the Poles face increased hostility from their Ukrainian neighbours, resulting in an increase of murders of Poles committed by the latter. One day Maciej sets out to the local market despite Zosia's protests motivated by her fearing for his safety. She is proven right, as the other Polish neighbours arrive some days later with Maciej's head cut off.

Zosia tries to get by the best she can while she takes care of the children. However, one day, she defends herself against an attempted rape by a Ukrainian policeman, and the presence of the Jews hidden by her is revealed. The Jews, an old couple and a young unrelated boy, escape and find shelter for the winter in the home of a local Ukrainian, who agrees to help after the Jew promises him a large amount of money. When the Jew's wife dies and winter comes, the Ukrainian demands a payment. When he asees that the Jew cannot pay him, he murders him in the forest. The young Jew is rescued by the Ukrainian's son.

In the summer of 1943, news about the killings committed by Ukrainians spreads among the Poles in the village. At the time, a young Polish man who is seriously injured arrives at Zosia's home. When he recovers, he settles there as it makes Zosia feel safer. He contacts the local Home Army unit, which, by orders of the Polish government in the United Kingdom, does not protect the Poles from Ukrainian attacks but prepares to fight the Germans in the future. When the young man is asked to be a guide for members of the Home Army on the way to a meeting with the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA), Zosia desperately tries to discourage him from going. She failed to stop him. When two members of the Home Army arrive at the meeting, as agreed without weapons, they get surrounded by the UPA soldiers, captured, and then dismembered by horses. The men from the UPA then hunt for the rest of the Home Army group. They find only Zosia's friend, who has escaped and is hiding in a church that is full of Poles. During the ceremony, the Ukrainians enter the church, killing everyone in the way, but Zosia's friend. She runs to the church's tower and somehow survives the attack.

In the meantime, the local Ukrainian population, the former Ukrainian policeman and his friends join the UPA in the forest. They gather and call to eradicate the lands from Poles. There are two ceremonies from the Ukrainian Orthodox priests shown: the first one preaching about loving neighbours and the second one calling to kill all Poles to achieve pure Ukrainian lands at last.

Soon, the first survivors of the pogroms arrive to the village and tell the story of Ukrainian neighbours killing Poles and everybody who protested against the killings. The local Ukrainian village administrator arrives at Zosia's home to ensure her that she and her children can stay at home, as they would not be harmed by their Ukrainian neighbours. Also, other Polish people are reassured about their safety. However, those are only deception tactics to allow Ukrainians to kill as many Poles as possible.

The killings in the village begin at night. Zosia escapes with her child, but as she runs away, she sees Poles being tortured, including pregnant women being stabbed in womb, people getting disemboweled and getting their eyes gouged out. Zosia's stepson is murdered during this massacre. Her stepdaughter, however, is rescued by a Ukrainian peasant. On their way to escape from certain death, Zosia and her child arrive to Petro's previous house, where they get rescued by Petro's mother.

As Zosia runs away with her child from place to place, she encounters the corpses of mutilated Polish infants, women and elderly in every village. In one place, she runs into a unit of the German Army, which saves her from certain death, just moments before Ukrainians are about to kill her and her child. The Germans are astonished at first as to why she walks alongside them, but when they find more and more stacks of murdered Poles on their way, they feel sorry for her and escort her to the place where her sister, Helena, lives. She is welcomed there, as Vasyl, Helena's Ukrainian husband, is friendly to Poles. Zosia hides in their shed with her son. As most of the village's population is already involved in killings, Vasyl's brother tries to convince him to join the nationalists and to kill his Polish wife so that he can save himself and the children. As they wrangle, Vasyl kills his own brother with an axe.

The next night, the whole family is attacked by Poles who seek revenge on Ukrainians. They condemn Helena for living with a Ukrainian. They slaughter her newborn in front of her eyes, kill Vasyl and behead her. Zosia observes everything from the shed. Terrified, she escapes again and is now afraid of both Ukrainians and Poles. She hides in the woods with her son. Subsequent scenes show the UPA rushing through the forest, exultantly celebrating while leading a cart occupied by the Poles who killed Helena's family and other Ukrainians, but now disfigured, mauled and visibly tortured as punishment for the retaliatory attacks. A young, blond man with obscured features places Zosia's son on a horse-drawn cart, before approaching Zosia's resting place in the forest. The film then alternates between shots of an unconscious Zosia on a cart, Zosia and her son walking through a German checkpoint at a bridge, before finally settling on an unconscious Zosia lying on the cart, her son sitting at the front of the wagon with the young man, who looks exactly like Petro, making their way through the wide green fields of Volhynia.